30^th International Conference on Public Mental Health and Neurosciences December 07-08, 2020 Amsterdam, Netherlands

Addiction is a common problem related to neuroscience.The functioning of brain and body can be affected by a complex disease called Addiction which is chronic in nature. It damages the relationship between the family members and neighbourhood. Addiction will be affecting the younger generation in this society. Psychiatrists are innovating new therapies, advanced techniques and medications to solve this dangerous problem. Symptoms of addiction are tension, depression and anger.Schizophrenia is a mental disorder in which people react abnormally to the reality. It is a disorder which affects the person’s ability to think, feel and behave. People who are suffering from this disease can also have a difficulty in concentrating and thinking. It is a combination of hallucinations, abnormal behaviour, disordered thinking. Lifelong treatment should be given to the person who is suffering from Schizophrenia.

The medical conditions of stress, anxiety and depression are different but their symptoms, causes and treatments overlap with one another. Depression is a serious state of mind, it reflects how one feels, thinks and their day-to-day activities. Recent studies indicate that the rate of depression is more in women than in men. In men depression results in anger, drug addiction and alcohol consumption but in women it results in guilt and sadness. Physical or emotional tension is termed as Stress. It comes from a thought which makes you feel lonely, frustrated and angry. When you feel threatened or angered your nervous system releases few stress hormones which results in heartbeat increases, muscles tighten, blood pressure rises, breath quickens. These disorders affect the function of brain and the brain stops functioningits activities. The person who has anger will experience physical effects like increased blood pressure, cardiac diseases and many more.

Dementia is a disease and condition that is characterized by the decline of memory. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer’s. Microscopic bleeding and Blood vessel blockage in the brain can be caused because of Vascular Dementia. Brain cells can be damaged by dementia and can be caused by abnormal brain changes. When cells in particular region are damaged completely then the functionality of the body cannot be carried. Bipolar disorder is mental illness, which brings changes in moods, behaviour and sleeping. People who are having bipolar disorders will have two periods, which is extremely high or low. One period in which person feels happy and energized and the other period in which the person feels sad, sluggish and hopeless. This is referred as two poles of mood that is why it is called bipolar disorders. People with Depressive symptoms will suffer more from Bipolar disorders.

Brain Cancer has a variety of symptoms like behavioural change, confusion and seizures. Not all tumours are cancers. Tumours are of two types’ benign tumour and malignant tumour. Benign tumour is less dangerous than malignant tumour. Cancer is term used for malignant tumours. Tumours which grow and spread aggressively are malignant tumours. These types of tumours can be spread to different parts of the body. Tumour cells require blood and nutrients to survive. Symptoms of brain cancer are nausea, vomiting and abnormalities in vision. Brain tumour is a collection of abnormal cells in your brain. Primary brain tumours originate in your brain and are benign (non-cancerous) which can develop from brain cells, glands and nerve cells. Secondary brain tumour occurs when cancer cells spread from another organ like lung or breast to your brain. The location and size of brain tumour plays an important role in determining the symptoms of tumour. Few tumours cause pressure to the surroundings of the brain and some tumours cause damage to the brain tissue directly which leads to brain injury.

Child Neurology is also known as Paediatric Neurology. This represents the diseases related to the nervous system in new born, adolescents, infants, and children. Paediatric Neurologists are responsible for the diagnosis, treatment of the nervous system in children and even spine related disorders can also be treated. Child psychiatry is a multi-disciplinary research field which includes advanced paediatric researches. It influences the development and course of the neurological disorders and treatment responses to various interventions. Psychiatric disorders and mental health of children, adolescents and infants are very challenging for psychiatrists and health professionals to treat them. Autism is a mental disorder which arises in children.

The area of overlap between Neurology and Psychiatry is Clinical Neurology. The current information, responsibilities, and reviews in the field of neuroradiologyis given by Clinical Neurology. Damage caused to the brain like strokes or injuries can be studied and treated in the field of Clinical Neurology. Clinical Neurology includes disorders of brain and spinal cord.

The disorders related to the nervous system are treated in the field of Neurology. The peripheral and central nervous system disorders are diagnosed and treated by neurologists and psychiatrists. Any disorder related to brain, nerves and spinal cord are treated as Neurological disorders. Paralysis, muscle weakness, loss of sensation and seizures are the symptoms of Neurological disorders. Neurosurgery is also known as neurological surgery. It is concerned with the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the nervous system. Neurological problems can be determined by our mental health.

Healthy sleep plays vital role in humans so that they can retain all the energy to continue their lives. Too much pressure and stress leads to sleep disorders, it is also determined as the medical disorders in the sleep patterns of the person. Teeth grinding(bruxism), night terrors and allergy or cold may be reasons for the disruption in the sleep of a person. Most common sleep disorder is insomnia; it is a condition where there is difficulty in falling asleep and staying asleep. Music therapy, Melatonin or Hypnotherapy are the treatments used for people who are Brain is the control centre of our body, brain disorder is a condition which affects your brain.

Alzheimer’s disease and dementia are the most common neurological disorders. One of the types of Dementia is Alzheimer’s disease. It is mostly observed in old or aged people. In every 4 seconds, a new case of dementia will be detected. Loss of memory, communication and thinking abilities are the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. These are caused by the abnormalities in the brain, as the brain tissue has less number of cells and the brain shrinks for the people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. Nerve cells in the brain produce Dopamine for all the activities of brain. Parkinson’s disease damages the nerve cells and decreases the neurons which produce dopamine. As the dopamine levels are reduced in the body it causes abnormal activity in the brain which leads to Parkinson’s disease.

Abnormal movements or unusual electricactivity in the brain results in Epilepsy. Seizures and epilepsy are inter-related, but not all people suffering from seizures have epilepsy because seizures are only the symptoms, whereas epilepsy is a disorder. Non-epileptic seizures are called as pseudo seizures; these are caused by psychological stress. Seizures and non- epileptic seizures look alike; this feature makes the diagnosis of true epilepsy difficult. EEG readings and lack of response to epileptic drugs will diagnose the true epilepsy. Psychotherapy and Psychiatric Medications are used as the treatment for seizures. As a result of trauma, low blood sugar, high fever and low blood sodium provoked seizures are occurred. Seizures occur during infancy and grow by age 6.

Stroke occurs in the brain when the blood vessels or nerve cells blocks, bleeds or ruptures which is called as brain stroke. The supply of blood and oxygen to the brain tissues will stop due to the damage of blood vessels. Human brain tissues and cells start dying within few minutes without the supply of oxygen. Poor flow of blood results in cell death which causes stroke. Mainly two types of strokes: ischemic this is due to lack of blood flow and hemorrhagic which is due to bleeding. High blood pressure and tobacco consumption, smoking results in stroke. TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack) is a type of stroke which lasts only for few minutes. When the blood supply in the brain is blocked then TIA disorder arises. Symptoms of TIA doesn’t last longer, they disappear in an hour. Numbness or weakness, especially on one side of the body is the symptoms of TIA. Usage of blood thinners may reduce the risk of stroke.

Child abuse is the physical, sexual and psychological maltreatment or ignorance of the children by their parent or any caretaker. It results in harming the child physically or emotionally. Failure of providing the child with basic needs like food, education or physical and emotional needs which protect the child from harm is termed as Child Abuse. A child should be treated with love, support and care by the family members or the caretakers. No one should allow a child to work or make a child work, as this is one of the factors of child abuse. Child will be mentally affected and witnesses psychological disorders at an early age. According to jurisdictions purposes of removing or causing potential harm to the children is a criminal offense.

Gender is the vital determinant of mental health. Men and women have different control over their mental health in their lives based on their position, status and treatment in the society. Women’s Mental Health is different from that of men’s. Psychiatric disorders are observed in women is different from men. Depression is the major mental health problem in which the suffering rate in women is more than men. Mental disorder is an involuntary psychological pattern that occurs in individual and causes distress or disability that is not accepted as normal culture. Analysis of mental health indicates that anxiety, depression, stress and sadness are 2-3 times more in women than men.

Human brain and the thinking abilities of the brain are the starting point for everything in the universe. We know that artificial system is easier than biological system. Artificial Intelligence is benefitted by neuroscience and models are developed by the principles of brain. In the history of Artificial Intelligence, neuroscience and neurobiology plays a key role. To understand the fundamental and emergent properties of neurons and neural circuits, combination of anatomy, molecular biology, psychology, cytology, mathematical modelling is required. Scope of neuroscience has increased over time which includes different approaches used to study the nervous system at different levels and techniques used by neuroscientists. It is an inspiration for building human-like Artificial Intelligence. Neuroscience inspires us to design AI systems in two ways. One is building neural networks of the brain structure and other is emulating human intelligence. Human brain is an example of intelligence with real-time interaction with a dynamic world. Advances in AI will be benefitted in the field of neuroscience.

Acceptance and understanding of mental illness and mental healthby sharing knowledge of mental health disorders will create mental health awareness. Mental health education is necessary for every individual. Being familiar about vernacular of the movement and learning about mental illness is achieved in mental health awareness. Awareness involves advocacy. People should be educated in reducing stigma and improving the quality of life of people suffering from mental illness and their families. Accepting the situations is better than judging the people who are suffering from mental illness.  A study has noticed positive results by spreading awareness among the people about mental health. Mental health rate is very low in adolescents; depression and schizophrenia are observed in younger children.

Yoga is a way of life, when it is practised daily it gives all-roundbenefits to our body mentally and physically. Yoga psychotherapy is a therapy which resolves many disorders related to brain and spine. Practice of yoga and meditation has done from centuries. Yoga is not just only a practise of physical exercise but also a spiritual grounding.Meditation is a part of yoga; it deals with mental health, mental relaxation and concentration. Meditation focuses on thoughts and breath. By doing yoga and meditation mind will be relaxed completely. Benefits of doing yoga are improves heart health, reduces back pain, regulates digestion and helps in curing a hangover. Benefits of meditation are managing depression, anxiety disorders and improve concentration.

Outbreak of Pandemic Coronavirus disease made everyone stressed. Anxiety, depression and fear about an outbreak may cause mental health disorders in adults and children. Coping of mental health during covid-19 is important for the people you care about. Stress during an outbreak involves changes in sleeping habits, eating patterns changes, worsens mental health conditions, over thinking, difficulty in sleeping and concentrating. Sleep disorders arise in every individual during the outbreak. Mental health of children, teens, adults and older people will vary during this outbreak. Take care of yourself and your community to cope with stress disorder. There are many ways to cope with stress, taking breaks from watching, reading, listening to news about the outbreak. Hearing about the pandemic repeatedly can be disturbing and unnecessary tension will be raised in the minds. Take deep breaths, do yoga and meditation. Talk with people about your feelings and concerns.

\r\n

\r\n  

\r\n